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1.
Psico USF ; 28(1): 1-12, Jan.-Mar. 2023. tab, graf, il
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1431097

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to demonstrate a relationship between the math anxiety (MA) of parents and teachers and the MA of children and the effects on the children's performance in arithmetic. 286 children aged between 7 and 10 years and their parents and mathematics teachers participated in the study. The instruments used were: Math Anxiety Questionnaire; School Performance Test - Arithmetic subtest; Mathematical Anxiety Scale; and Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices. The results showed that advanced age of the teacher was a predictor of high levels of MA, which influenced the children's performance in arithmetic. Low parental education was associated with high MA, however, there were no correlations between parents' and children's MA. A significant difference was found between the MA mean scores for girls and boys, with the girls presenting higher levels of MA. (AU)


O objetivo do estudo foi evidenciar a relação entre a ansiedade matemática (AM) dos pais e dos professores com a AM das crianças e o desempenho destas em aritmética. Participaram do estudo 286 crianças com idade entre 7 e 10 anos e seus respectivos pais e professores de matemática. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Questionário de Ansiedade Matemática, Teste de Desempenho Escolar - Subteste de Aritmética, Escala de Ansiedade Matemática e Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven. Os resultados mostraram que a idade avançada dos professores é um fator preditor para altos níveis de AM, o que influencia no desempenho das crianças em aritmética. A baixa escolaridade dos pais está associada a alta AM, porém não foram encontradas correlações significativas entre AM de pais e crianças. Também foi encontrada uma diferença significativa entre as médias de AM para o sexo feminino e masculino, evidenciando que meninas possuem maiores níveis de AM. (AU)


El objetivo del estudio fue resaltar la relación entre la ansiedad matemática (AM) de padres y docentes con la AM de los niños y su desempeño en aritmética y de los niños. Participaron en el estudio 286 niños entre 7 y 10 años y sus respectivos padres y profesores de matemáticas. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Cuestionario de AM; Prueba de Rendimiento Escolar: Subprueba aritmética; Escala de AM; Matrices Progresivas Escala Coloreada de Raven. Los resultados mostraron que la edad avanzada de los docentes es un factor predictivo para altos niveles de AM, lo que influye en el rendimiento de los niños en aritmética. La baja educación de los padres se asocia con un alto AM, pero no se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre AM de padres e hijos. Asimismo, se encontró una diferencia significativa entre las medias de AM de niñas y niños, lo que demuestra que las niñas tienen niveles más altos de AM. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anxiety , Mathematics , Parents , Students , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution , Fujita-Pearson Scale , Education, Primary and Secondary , Educational Status , Evaluation Studies as Topic , School Teachers , Academic Performance , Gender Stereotyping , Mediation Analysis , Statistical Inference , Intelligence Tests
2.
Rev. baiana enferm ; 37: e48800, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1449467

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: construir uma matriz de análise para identificação dos problemas relacionados à cultura de segurança do paciente em uma unidade de pronto atendimento no sul do Brasil. Método: a primeira etapa, com delineamento transversal descritivo, ocorreu de julho a agosto de 2018, com enfermeiros, por meio da autoaplicação do instrumento "Safety Attitudes Questionaire - SAQ Short Form 2006". Na segunda etapa, com delineamento exploratório descritivo, as questões do SAQ passaram por análise interpretativa, realizada por enfermeiras dedicadas ao estudo da temática, em abril de 2021. Resultados: os problemas na cultura de segurança do paciente na unidade de pronto atendimento relacionaram-se à estrutura, processos de gestão e processos clínicos, principalmente de caráter organizacional. Conclusão: a utilização da análise de cadeia causal permitiu a construção de uma matriz de análise, facilitando a identificação dos principais problemas relacionados à cultura de segurança do paciente na unidade de pronto atendimento.


Objetivo: to develop an analysis matrix to identify problems related to the patient safety culture in an emergency care unit in southern Brazil. Método: the first stage, with a descriptive cross-sectional design, occurred from July to August 2018, with nurses, through the self-application of the instrument "Safety Attitudes Questionaire - SAQ Short Form 2006". In the second stage, with a descriptive exploratory design, the SAQ questions underwent an interpretative analysis, carried out by nurses dedicated to the study of the subject, in April 2021. Resultados: the problems in the patient safety culture in the emergency care unit were related to the structure, management processes and clinical processes, mainly of an organizational nature. Conclusión: the use of causal chain analysis allowed the construction of an analysis matrix, facilitating the identification of the main problems related to the patient safety culture in the emergency care unit.


Objective: to evaluate the clinical predictors for dry eye and the nursing diagnosis Risk of dry eye in postoperative patients in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit. Method: cross-sectional study conducted between May and August, 2017. The sample was 157 adult patients undergoing elective surgical procedures. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the clinical diagnosis of dry eye prevailed in 85.35% of patients, and the nursing diagnosis Risk of dry eye in 14.65%. Statistical differences were observed between hyperemia, excessive tearing and insufficient Schirmer test with the diagnosis of ocular dryness in the right eye and with the diagnosis Risk of dry eye. In the left eye the Schirmer test was insufficient. Conclusão: hyperemia, excessive tearing and insufficient Schirmer test are relevant perioperative clinical predictors to promote preventive measures and/or early detection of dry eye.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Quality Improvement , Patient Safety/statistics & numerical data , Mediation Analysis , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 34: e3416, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440401

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Esse estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da padronização dos critérios de observação e de avaliação da técnica da braçada do nado crawl na confiabilidade inter e intra avaliadores para uma proposta de lista de observação. Dois professores e dois treinadores de natação competitiva com formação acadêmica diferentes foram responsáveis por avaliar a técnica da braçada do nado crawl de 44 nadadores por meio de vídeo. Cada nadador realizou um percurso de 25m em velocidade confortável tendo seu deslocamento gravado nos planos lateral e frontal, ambos submersos e fora d'água, nos 10 m finais da piscina. No percurso de filmagem os nadadores não realizaram a respiração lateral. Somente o movimento realizado pelo braço direito foi foco de observação dos avaliadores e com base em uma lista de verificação. Após as filmagens os avaliadores participaram de três etapas: na primeira etapa houve uma intervenção para padronização dos critérios de observação e de avaliação. Na segunda etapa testou-se a concordância inter-avaliadores e, na terceira, a concordância intra-avaliador. Na segunda etapa do estudo a concordância variou de pequeno a baixa (k=0,08 e k=0,38). Na terceira etapa alguns avaliadores apresentaram concordância pobre e baixa (k=-0,13 e k=0,35), enquanto outros apresentaram concordância entre razoável e praticamente perfeita (k=0,64 e k=0,87). A partir dos resultados apresentados concluiu-se que a proposta de intervenção não surtiu o efeito desejado de padronização dos critérios de observação e avaliação entre os avaliadores.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effect of standardizing observation and rating criteria for the front crawl stroke technique on inter- and intra-rater reliability in order to propose an observation list. Two teachers and two competitive swimming coaches with different academic backgrounds were responsible for evaluating the front crawl stroke technique of 44 swimmers using video. Each swimmer completed a 25m course at a comfortable speed, having their displacement recorded in the lateral and frontal planes, both submerged and out of water, in the final 10 m of the pool. Throughout the recording, the swimmers did not breath laterally. Only the movement performed by the right arm was the raters' focus of observation and was based on a checklist. After the shooting, the raters participated in three stages: in the first stage, there was an intervention to standardize the observation and rating criteria; inter-rater agreement was tested in the second stage, while intra-rater agreement was obtained in the third. In the second stage of the study, the agreement ranged from small to low (k=0.08 and k=0.38). In the third stage, some raters showed poor and low agreement (k=-0.13 and k=0.35), while others showed agreement between reasonable and virtually perfect (k=0.64 and k=0.87). From the results presented, it was concluded that the intervention proposal did not have the desired effect of standardizing the observation and rating criteria among the raters.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Swimming/physiology , Reproducibility of Results , Observation/methods , Evaluation Study , Mediation Analysis , Arm , Athletes
4.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e250301, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422415

ABSTRACT

Documentos normativos determinam que serviços de Proteção Social Especial (PSE) do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) devem oferecer atendimento psicossocial às(aos) usuárias(os). No entanto, não especificam que atendimento é esse, que tipo de atividades ele inclui, porque ele caracteriza principalmente serviços da PSE ou o que o diferencia das outras atividades desenvolvidas pelas equipes desses serviços. Diante disso, neste artigo, buscamos responder às seguintes questões: como profissionais que atuam nas equipes técnicas ou na gestão de serviços de proteção social especial do município de São Paulo compreendem a noção de "atendimento psicossocial"? E como essa noção é convertida em práticas concretas de intervenção? Para respondê-las, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como fizemos 10 entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais da PSE. As entrevistas e documentos analisados indicam a polissemia da expressão atendimento psicossocial. Ora ela refere-se a determinadas práticas ou ações que fazem parte do cotidiano dos serviços do SUAS; ora a um aspecto ou uma visão que norteia o trabalho. Indicam, ainda, que tal forma de atendimento é caracterizada, entre outras coisas, por sua interdisciplinaridade, pela importância que dá ao contexto e ao território e por não ser equivalente à clínica psicoterápica tradicional.(AU)


Regulatory documents determine that Special Social Protection (PSE) services of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS) must offer psychosocial support to its users. However, they do not specify which support, what type of activities it includes, why it mainly characterizes PSE services or what differentiates it from other activities developed by teams in these services. Given this, in this article, we seek to answer the following questions: how do professionals working in the technical teams or in the management of special social protection services in the municipality of São Paulo understand the notion of "psychosocial support"? And how is this notion converted into concrete intervention practices? To answer them, we conducted a bibliographic and documentary research, as well as 10 semi-structured interviews with professionals from PSE services. The interviews and documents analyzed indicate the polysemy of the expression psychosocial support. At times, it refers to certain practices or actions that are part of the daily routine of SUAS services; at other times, it refers to an aspect or vision that guides the work. They also indicate that this form of support is characterized, among other things, by its interdisciplinary nature, by the importance given to context and territory and by not being equivalent to the traditional psychotherapeutic clinic.(AU)


Los documentos normativos determinan que los servicios de Protección Social Especial (PSE) del Sistema Único de Asistencia Social (SUAS) deben ofrecer atención psicosocial a los usuarios. Sin embargo, no especifican en qué consiste esta atención, qué tipo de actividades incluye, por qué caracteriza principalmente a los servicios de PSE o qué lo diferencia de otras actividades desarrolladas por los equipos de estos servicios. Teniendo esto en cuenta, en este artículo buscamos responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Qué piensan sobre la noción de "atención psicosocial" los profesionales que trabajan en los equipos técnicos o en la gestión de los servicios de protección social especial en el municipio de São Paulo? ¿Y cómo convierten esta noción en prácticas concretas de intervención? Para responderlas, realizamos una investigación bibliográfica y documental, así como diez entrevistas semiestructuradas con profesionales de la PSE. Las entrevistas y los documentos analizados indican la polisemia de la expresión atención psicosocial. A veces, se refiere a ciertas prácticas o acciones que forman parte de la rutina diaria de los servicios del SUAS; otras veces, a un aspecto o visión que guía el trabajo. También esta forma de atención se caracteriza, entre otras cosas, por su interdisciplinariedad, por la importancia que se da al contexto y al territorio, y por no ser equivalente a la clínica psicoterapéutica tradicional.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychology , Public Policy , Security Measures , Social Support , Mental Health Services , Anxiety , Poverty , Psychoanalytic Interpretation , Psychotherapy , Reference Standards , Safety , Science , Sex Offenses , Social Change , Social Sciences , Social Welfare , Violence , Women's Rights , Wounds and Injuries , Child Labor , Child Advocacy , Risk , Risk Factors , Civil Disorders , Civil Rights , Police , Interview , Survivors , Privacy , Sexuality , Counseling , Crime , Culture , Disaster Victims , Personal Autonomy , Dangerous Behavior , Value of Life , State , Behavior Control , Human Rights Abuses , Depression , Education , Empathy , Disease Prevention , Stalking , Community Integration , Integrality in Health , Social Segregation , Interdisciplinary Placement , Social Oppression , Freedom , Respect , Social Vulnerability Index , Civil Society , Psychological Distress , Involuntary Commitment , Mediation Analysis , Citizenship , Psychological Well-Being , Health Occupations , Health Promotion , Home Care Services , House Calls , Housing , Object Attachment
5.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 26(3)set-dez. 2022. 832^c844
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1399478

ABSTRACT

A dengue é uma doença dolorosa e debilitante transmitida por insetos da espécie Aedes aegypti. Ela é definida como uma doença viral que, nos últimos anos, se espalhou vertiginosamente por todas as regiões tropicais e subtropicais do planeta. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e discutir o número e a taxa de incidência de casos de dengue no estado do Paraná utilizando-se dos boletins emitidos por semana epidemiológica nos anos de 2016 a 2021, considerando a sazonalidade da doença. Também se objetivou debater a incidência por macrorregional, as possíveis causas de períodos epidêmicos e ações de combate vetorial para redução dos casos da patologia. Foram utilizados como fonte de informações o banco de dados da Dengue/SVS/SESA, por meio de informes técnicos, disponibilizados pelo portal online de Boletins da Dengue Paraná da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Paraná. Conclui-se que o ano epidemiológico de 2019/2020 foi o de maior incidência e os anos epidemiológicos 2016/2017 e 2017/2018 apresentaram os menores casos durante todo período analisado. Dessa forma, a vigilância epidemiológica é muito importante para avaliação espacial da distribuição de casos para execução de ações estratégicas para redução da infestação do vetor. As políticas públicas e a disponibilização de inseticidas para aplicação também são essenciais para o combate da Dengue.


Dengue is a painful and debilitating disease transmitted by insects of the Aedes aegypti species. It is defined as a viral disease that, in recent years, has spread vertiginously throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the planet. This study aimed to identify and discuss the number and incidence rate of dengue cases in the state of Paraná using the bulletins issued by epidemiological week in the years 2016 to 2021, considering the seasonality of the disease. The aim was also to discuss the incidence per macro-region, the possible causes of epidemic periods, and vectorial combat actions to reduce the cases of the pathology. The Dengue/SVS/SESA database was used as a source of information, through technical reports, made available by the online portal of Dengue Paraná Bulletins of the Paraná State Health Department. It is concluded that the epidemiological year 2019/2020 was the one with the highest incidence and the epidemiological years 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 had the lowest cases during the entire period analyzed. Thus, epidemiological surveillance is very important for the spatial assessment of the distribution of cases to carry out strategic actions to reduce vector infestation. Public policies and the availability of insecticides for application are also essential to combat Dengue.


El dengue es una enfermedad dolorosa y debilitante transmitida por insectos de la especie Aedes aegypti. Se define como una enfermedad viral que, en los últimos años, se ha extendido vertiginosamente por las regiones tropicales y subtropicales del planeta. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar y discutir el número y la tasa de incidencia de los casos de dengue en el estado de Paraná utilizando los boletines emitidos por la semana epidemiológica en los años 2016 a 2021, considerando la estacionalidad de la enfermedad. También se pretendía discutir la incidencia por macrorregiones, las posibles causas de los periodos epidémicos y las acciones de control de vectores para la reducción de los casos de la enfermedad. Se utilizó como fuente de información la base de datos de Dengue/SVS/SESA, por medio de informes técnicos, puestos a disposición por el portal online de Boletines de Dengue Paraná de la Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Paraná. Se concluye que el año epidemiológico 2019/2020 fue el de mayor incidencia y los años epidemiológicos 2016/2017 y 2017/2018 presentaron los menores casos durante todo el periodo analizado. Por lo tanto, la vigilancia epidemiológica es muy importante para la evaluación espacial de la distribución de los casos para la implementación de acciones estratégicas para reducir la infestación del vector. Las políticas públicas y la disponibilidad de insecticidas para su aplicación también son esenciales para combatir el dengue.


Subject(s)
Incidence , Causality , Aedes/pathogenicity , Dengue/diagnosis , Dengue/transmission , Seasons , Aedes/growth & development , Vector Control of Diseases , Epidemics/prevention & control , Epidemics/statistics & numerical data , Vector Borne Diseases/epidemiology , Mediation Analysis , Health Services Research/statistics & numerical data
6.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 739-746, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-935453

ABSTRACT

Objective: To introduce and compare four analysis methods of multiple parallel mediation model, including pure regression method, method based on inverse probability weighting, extended natural effect model method and weight-based imputation strategies. Methods: For the multiple parallel mediation model, the simulation experiments of three scenarios were carried out to compare the performance of different methods in estimating direct and indirect effects in different situations. Dataset from UK Biobank was then analyzed by using the four methods. Results: The estimation biases of the regression method and the inverse probability weighting method were relatively small, followed by the extended natural effect model method, and the estimation results of the weight-based imputation strategies were quite different from the other three methods. Conclusions: Different multiple parallel mediation analysis methods have different application situations and their own advantages and disadvantages. The regression method is more suitable for continuous mediator, and the inverse probability weighting method is more suitable for binary mediator. The extended natural effect model method has better performances when the residuals of two parallel mediators are positively correlated and the correlation degree is small. The weight-based imputation strategies might not be appropriate for parallel mediation analysis. Therefore, appropriate methods should be selected according to the specific situation in practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bias , Computer Simulation , Mediation Analysis , Models, Statistical , Probability , Regression Analysis , Research Design
7.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 42: e235329, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1360639

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta a experiência de pesquisa-intervenção participativa da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM) com familiares. A GAM, de origem canadense, procura discutir criticamente o uso da medicação psiquiátrica de modo a fomentar a autonomia dos usuários desses medicamentos. No Brasil, o chamado projeto GAM-BR realizou a tradução, adaptação e validação do instrumento utilizado nesta abordagem, o Guia GAM. Seguimos as indicações teórico-práticas da abordagem enativa e empregamos a metodologia da cartografia, em especial a técnica da entrevista cartográfica. Como um projeto participativo, a validação do Guia contou com usuários e trabalhadores dos serviços de saúde mental brasileiros (Caps) como copesquisadores. A realização de um grupo com familiares de usuários na etapa de validação do Guia foi uma inovação na GAM-BR que possibilitou a inclusão desse grupo fundamental para a discussão acerca do tratamento medicamentoso. Podemos destacar dois efeitos processuais desse trabalho com familiares: a promoção de deslocamentos de ponto de vista e a promoção de corresponsabilização. Tais efeitos sugerem perspectivas para a GAM e para o trabalho em saúde mental, em um horizonte de inclusão e composição entre diferentes perspectivas.(AU)


This article presents the participatory research-intervention experience of Autonomous Medication Management (GAM) with family members. The GAM, a Canadian project, seeks to critically discuss the use of psychiatric medication to foster the autonomy of users of these drugs. In Brazil, the so-called GAM-BR project translated, adapted, and validated the instrument used in this approach, the GAM Guide. We follow the theoretical-practical indications of the enactive approach and employ the cartography methodology, in particular the cartographic interview technique. As a participatory project, the validation of the Guide included users and workers of the Brazilian mental health services (CAPS) as co-researchers. The creation of a group with family members of users in the validation phase was an innovation in GAM-BR that enabled the inclusion of this fundamental group for the discussion about drug treatment. We can highlight two processual effects of this work with family members: the promotion of displacements of points of view and the promotion of co-responsibility. These effects suggest perspectives for GAM and the work in mental health, in a horizon of inclusion and composition between different perspectives.(AU)


Este artículo presenta la experiencia participativa de intervención-investigación de la Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación (GAM) con miembros de la familia. La GAM es una guía que procede de Canadá y busca discutir críticamente el uso de medicación psiquiátrica para fomentar la autonomía de sus usuarios. En Brasil, el proyecto llamado GAM-BR realizó la traducción, adaptación y validación del instrumento utilizado en este enfoque, la Guía GAM. Se siguieron las indicaciones teóricas y prácticas del enfoque enactivo, y se utilizó la metodología de la cartografía, especialmente la técnica de entrevista cartográfica. Como proyecto participativo, la validación de la Guía incluyó a usuarios y a trabajadores brasileños de los centros de atención a salud mental (CAPS) como coinvestigadores. La creación de un grupo con familiares de usuarios en la etapa de validación de la Guía fue una innovación en GAM-BR por incluir a este grupo de fundamental importancia en la discusión sobre el tratamiento farmacológico. Es posible señalar dos efectos procesales de este trabajo con miembros de la familia: la promoción de los desplazamientos de perspectivas y la promoción de la corresponsabilización. Estos efectos sugieren perspectivas para GAM y el trabajo en salud mental, en un horizonte de inclusión y composición entre diferentes perspectivas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Research , Family , Mental Health , Medication Adherence , Community-Based Participatory Research , Mediation Analysis , Patient Isolation , Psychology , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Adaptation to Disasters , Personal Autonomy , Drug Therapy , Psychiatric Rehabilitation , Mental Disorders
8.
Acta Paul. Enferm. (Online) ; 35: eAPE02256, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1393722

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo Identificar na literatura, nacional e internacional, intervenções eficazes para prevenção de quedas em idosos desenvolvidas no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde e classificá-las tendo por base o Relatório da Organização Mundial da Saúde sobre Prevenção de quedas. Métodos Revisão sistemática realizada entre 2019 e 2020, conduzida a partir do guia PRISMA e registrada na PROSPERO (CRD42020149529). Avaliadores independentes consultaram as bases de dados MEDLINE®/PubMed®, Lilacs, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science e Embase. Para a busca nas bases, utilizaram os descritores definidos a partir da estratégia PICO: "elderly", "elder", "aged", "aging", "care", "education", "primary health", "falls" e "prevention". Utilizou-se a escala PEDro para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos selecionados. Os resultados foram apresentados de modo a favorecer a comparabilidade entre os estudos incluídos nesta revisão e serem categorizados quanto ao perfil das produções e classificação das intervenções. Resultados Identificaram-se 20 artigos elegíveis, sendo 35% (n=8) classificados como alta qualidade metodológica e 25% (n=5) como excelente qualidade. Das intervenções investigadas, 55% (n=11) consistiam em programas de exercício físico, e 45% (n=9) eram multicomponentes, com tempo de duração entre 3 semanas e 12 meses, realizadas por diferentes categorias profissionais. Tais intervenções influenciaram na redução de quedas e na diminuição do medo de cair nos idosos, bem como contribuíram para o fortalecimento muscular, a capacidade motora e a melhora cognitiva. Conclusão As intervenções identificadas mostraram-se eficazes no fortalecimento musculoesquelético, na manutenção da funcionalidade geriátrica, na melhoria do equilíbrio e na avaliação de riscos de quedas para promoção do enfrentamento dos mesmos.


Resumen Objetivo Identificar en la literatura nacional e internacional intervenciones eficaces para la prevención de caídas de adultos mayores desarrolladas en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud y clasificarlas con base en el informe de la Organización Mundial de la Salud sobre prevención de caídas. Métodos Revisión sistemática realizada entre 2019 y 2020, a partir de la guía PRISMA y registrada en PROSPERO (CRD42020149529). Evaluadores independientes consultaron las bases de datos MEDLINE®/PubMed®, Lilacs, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science y Embase. Para la búsqueda en las bases, se utilizaron los descriptores definidos a partir de la estrategia PICO: "elderly", "elder", "aged", "aging", "care", "education", "primary health", "falls" y "prevention". Se utilizó la escala PEDro para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios seleccionados. Los resultados fueron presentados a fin de favorecer la comparabilidad entre los estudios incluidos en esta revisión y para que puedan ser categorizados respecto al perfil de las producciones y clasificación de las intervenciones. Resultados Se identificaron 20 artículos elegibles, de los cuales el 35 % (n=8) fueron clasificados de alta calidad metodológica y el 25 % (n=5) de excelente calidad. De las intervenciones investigadas, el 55 % (n=11) consistió en programas de ejercicio físico y el 45 % (n=9) fue de multicomponentes, con un tiempo de duración entre 3 semanas y 12 meses, realizadas por diferentes categorías profesionales. Tales investigaciones influyeron en la reducción de caídas y en la disminución del miedo de caer de los adultos mayores, así como también contribuyeron al fortalecimiento muscular, a la capacidad motora y a la mejora cognitiva. Conclusión Las intervenciones identificadas demostraron ser eficaces para el fortalecimiento musculoesquelético, la conservación de la funcionalidad geriátrica, la mejora del equilibrio y la evaluación de riesgo de caída para la promoción del afrontamiento de estos.


Abstract Objective To identify effective interventions for preventing falls in older adults in the national and international literature, developed in primary health care settings, and categorize them based on the World Health Organization's Report on Fall Prevention. Methods A systematic review registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020149529), conducted between 2019 and 2020, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Independent reviewers consulted MEDLINE®/PubMed®, Lilacs, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The descriptors "elderly", "elder", "aged", "aging", "care", "education", "primary health", "falls" and "prevention" were used for the database search, and were defined from the PICO strategy. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the selected studies. The results are presented in order to favor comparability among the studies included in this review and categorization regarding the profile of the publications and classification of the intervntions. Results Twenty eligible articles were identified, with 35% (n=8) classified as high methodological quality and 25% (n=5) as excellent quality. Among the investigated interventions, 55% (n=11) consisted of physical exercise programs, and 45% (n=9) were multicomponent, with a duration time between 3 weeks and 12 months, implemented by professionals from different disciplines. Such interventions had an impact on reducing falls and decreasing the fear of falling in older adults, as well as contributing to muscle strengthening, motor skills, and cognitive improvement. Conclusion The interventions identified proved to be effective in strengthening the musculoskeletal system, maintaining geriatric functionality, improving balance, and assessing the risk of falls to promote better management of these events.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Primary Health Care , Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Health of the Elderly , Risk Factors , Mediation Analysis
9.
Aquichan ; 21(3): e2134, sept. 30, 2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1292397

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar os níveis de estresse ex-post-fact entre os profissionais de enfermagem no ambiente do trabalho hospitalar participantes de intervenção educativa com profissionais de enfermagem em atividades laborais. Materiais e método: estudo observacional e transversal. A amostra final foi composta por 30 profissionais de enfermagem, da qual 15 profissionais compuseram o grupo exposto à intervenção e 15 foram selecionados por amostragem aleatória simples para compor o grupo não exposto. A intervenção consistiu em um programa, com foco no trabalhador, estruturado em quatro sessões, aplicado em formato de curso, com periodicidade quinzenal e duração de dois meses. Na comparação entre os grupos, foram utilizados o teste t de Student para amostras independentes e o teste U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: por meio do teste U de Mann-Whitney, pode-se comparar o nível de estresse entre os grupos, no qual se observou diferença estatística do nível de estresse entre o grupo controle (3,34 ± 0,71 u.a.) e o grupo intervenção (2,52 ± 0,59 u.a.) (p = 0,002; d = 1,26). Conclusões: comparando o nível de estresse geral entre os grupos, constata-se que a intervenção diminuiu significativamente o nível de estresse nos profissionais; foi possível ainda identificar os estressores mentais dos profissionais por meio da Escala de Estresse em Profissionais.


Objective: To compare the levels of ex-post-facto stress between nursing personnel who participated in an educational intervention with nursing personnel on work duties, within the hospital work environment. Materials and method: This was an observational and cross-sectional study. The final sample was composed of 30 nursing personnel, with 15 of them composing the group exposed to the intervention and 15 being selected by simple random sampling to compose the unexposed group. The intervention consisted of a program focused on the employees, structured in four sessions, applied in a course format twice a week, and lasted two months. The Student's t-test for independent samples and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare the groups. Results: Using the Mann-Whitney U-test, the stress levels could be compared between the groups, and a statistical difference in stress levels was observed between the control group (3.34 ± 0.71 a.u.) and the intervention group (2.52 ± 0.59 a.u.) (p = 0.002; d = 1.26). Conclusions: Comparing the general stress levels between the groups, it was found that the intervention significantly decreased the stress levels in the participants; it was also possible to identify the mental stressors faced by the participants using the Scale of Stress in Professionals.


Objetivo: comparar los niveles de estrés ex-post-fact entre los profesionales de enfermería en el ambiente del trabajo hospitalario participantes de intervención educativa con profesionales de enfermería en actividades laborales. Materiales y método: estudio observacional y transversal. La muestra final se compuso por 30 profesionales de enfermería, de la que 15 profesionales compusieron el grupo expuesto a intervención y 15 se seleccionaron por muestreo aleatorio para componer el grupo no expuesto. La intervención consistió en un programa, con enfoque en el trabajador, estructurado en cuatro sesiones, aplicado en formato de curso, con periodicidad quincenal y duración de dos meses. En la comparación entre los grupos, se utilizaron la prueba t de Student para amuestras independientes y la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: por medio de la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, se puede comparar el nivel de estrés entre los grupos, en el que se observó diferencia estadística del nivel de estrés entre el grupo control (3,34 ± 0,71 u.a.) y el grupo intervención (2,52 ± 0,59 u.a.) (p = 0,002; d = 1,26). Conclusiones: comparando el nivel de estrés general entre los grupos, se constata que la intervención disminuyó significativamente el nivel de estrés en los profesionales; se logró aun identificar los estresores mentales de los profesionales por medio de la Escala de Estrés en Profesionales.


Subject(s)
Stress, Psychological , Occupational Health , Occupational Stress , Mediation Analysis , Psychosocial Intervention , Nursing
10.
Diagn. tratamento ; 26(2): 85-92, abr.-jun. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280731

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O local de trabalho tem se mostrado um ambiente propício para desenvolver intervenções baseadas em teorias do comportamento para promover atividade física e diminuir o tempo sentado em prol do aumento das chances de os indivíduos usufruírem dos benefícios de um estilo de vida mais ativo. Objetivo: Intervenção na atividade física, tempo sentado e na percepção de saúde conforme o estágio de mudança de comportamento em trabalhadores. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quase experimental, realizada dentro de duas instituições, sendo elas o Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP) e o setor da Coordenadoria de Recursos Humanos (CRH) da Secretaria do Estado da Saúde (SES-SP), ambas localizadas no município de São Paulo. Métodos: Contou com 81 indivíduos (± 37,8 anos), sendo 37 do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo e 44 da Secretaria do Estado de Saúde de São Paulo. Foi realizada avaliação física, intervenções não presenciais e presenciais estimulando o aumento da atividade física e a diminuição do tempo sentado, sendo feita no fim das intervenções uma reavaliação física. Resultados: Os homens tiveram valores superiores aos das mulheres no momento pré e pós-intervenção no peso corporal, estatura e preensão manual direita e esquerda. No pós-intervenção, as médias da atividade física doméstica (P = 0,001) foram superiores nas mulheres quando comparadas com os homens, a percepção positiva da saúde aumentou (P < 0,05) e mais estágios comportamentais ativos (P < 0,05). Os resultados da ANOVA (analysis of variance) mista mostraram aumento da atividade física de transporte (P < 0,05) nos homens e diminuição no tempo sentado durante a semana entre as avaliações (P < 0,05) em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: Intervenção resultou no aumento da atividade física doméstica nas mulheres e atividade física de transporte nos homens, percepção de saúde positiva, estágios comportamentais mais ativos e diminuição do tempo sentado.


Subject(s)
Behavior , Exercise , Mediation Analysis , Occupational Groups
11.
Psicol. rev ; 29(2): 375-403, dez.2020. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1396196

ABSTRACT

Os constructos do Capital Psicológico e Suporte Organizacional são áreas do conhecimento que propõem o resgate do valor das pessoas e suas implicações no ambiente das empresas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre suporte organizacional, capital psicológico positivo no trabalho e saúde geral em enfermeiros de um hospital público na cidade de Natal-RN. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, e, para coleta de dados, foram utilizados 04 instrumentos: Questionário de caracterização sociodemográfico e laboral; Escala de Percepção de Suporte Organizacional, Escala de Capital Psicológico Positivo no Trabalho e o Questionário de Saúde Geral, aplicados a 101 enfermeiros. Por meio do pacote estatístico SPSSWIN 24.0 e AMOS 22, realizaram-se as análises estatísticas descritivas, correlação de Pearson, teste t de Student, alfas e verificação do modelo teórico. Observou-se que a associação entre o suporte organizacional e questionário de saúde geral não foi significativa, refutando a hipótese inicial. Gerou-se um modelo alternativo, hipotetizando uma perspectiva mediacional. Nesta, a variável suporte organizacional associou-se positivamente ao capital psicológico, e este ao QSG. Conclui-se que o modelo alternativo apresentou melhores resultados, demonstrando que, quando o capital psicológico atua como mediador entre o suporte organizacional e a saúde geral dos enfermeiros, é possível obter melhores níveis de saúde.


The Psychological Capital and Organizational Support constructs are areas of knowledge which suggest the redemption of people's value and their implica-tions over the companies' environment. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between organizational support, positive psychological capital and general health in nurses from a public hospital in the city of Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The study quantitative field research, data collection used 04 instruments: a social-demographic and labor characteriza-tion questionnaire; the Perceived Organizational Support Scale; the Positive Psychological Capital Scale at Work, and the General Health Questionnaire, applied to 101 nurses. Through the SPSSWIN 24.0 and AMOS 22 statistical package, descriptive statistical analysis was carried out, the Pearson corre-lation, the Student's t-test, alphas and the theoretical model validation. It was observed that the association between organizational support and QSG was not significant, refuting the initial hypothesis. An alternative model was generated, hypothesizing a mediation perspective, in this, the organizational support variable was positively associated with psychological capital, and this with QSG. The research concludes that the the alternative model presented better results, shows that when the psychological capital acts as a mediator between the organizational support and the nurses' general health, it is possible to reach better health levels.


Los constructos del Capital Psicológico y Soporte Organizacional son áreas del conocimiento que proponen el rescate del valor de las personas y sus implicaciones en el ambiente de las empresas. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre soporte organizacional, capital psicológico positivo en el trabajo y salud general en los enfermeros de un hospital público en la ciudad de Natal-RN. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa, para la recolección de datos se utilizaron 04 instrumentos: Cuestionario de caracte-rización sociodemográfica y laboral; Escala de percepción de soporte orga-nizacional; Escala de capital psicológico positivo en el trabajo y Cuestionario de salud general, aplicados a 101 enfermeros. A través del paquete estadístico SPSSWIN 24.0 y AMOS 22, se llevaron a cabo los análisis estadísticos descrip-tivos, correlación de Pearson, prueba t de Student, alphas y verificación del modelo teórico. Se observó que la asociación entre apoyo organizacional y CSG no fue significativa, refutando la hipótesis inicial. Se generó un modelo alternativo, hipotetizando una perspectiva mediacional, en este, la variable de apoyo organizacional se asoció positivamente con el capital psicológico, y este con CSG. Se concluye que el modelo alternativo mostró mejores resultados, demostrando que cuando el capital psicológico actúa como mediador entre el apoyo organizacional y la salud general de las enfermeras, es posible obtener mejores niveles de salud.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Power, Psychological , Mental Health , Capacity Building , Correlation of Data , Mediation Analysis , Hospitals, Public , Nurses, Male/psychology
12.
Psicol. teor. prát ; 22(1): 64-88, Jan.-Apr. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1098539

ABSTRACT

In order to investigate which instruments are most utilized when measuring perceived and experienced mental illness stigma (MIS) in adults, and some of the variables that may moderate or interfere in measured outcomes, 101 published empirical and peer-reviewed studies were systematically extracted from electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, and PsycINFO). The results revealed that MIS is commonly evaluated by five scales. When considering the most tested and reported associative effects, age, and symptoms’ severity were identified as potentially intervening variables. Other variables, such as sex, diagnostic, and treatment regimen (inpatient/outpatient) were evaluated by a few studies and presented inconsistent results. These findings suggest that future studies should use well-established instruments in the literature to assess MIS, as well as to aim for the cross-cultural adaptation of instruments that evaluate MIS since no instruments presented in this review are validated to the Brazilian population.


Objetivando investigar quais instrumentos são mais utilizados na mensuração do estigma da doença mental (EDM) percebido e experienciado por adultos, e quais variáveis podem moderar ou interferir nos resultados da mensuração, 101 artigos foram sistematicamente selecionados nas bases de dados eletrônicas (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science e PsycINFO). Os resultados revelaram que existem cinco instrumentos comumente utilizados para medir o EDM. Ao considerar os efeitos associativos mais testados e reportados sobre o estigma, a idade e a severidade dos sintomas foram apontadas como variáveis potencialmente intervenientes. Outras variáveis, como sexo, diagnóstico e regime de tratamento (internamento/ambulatório) foram avaliadas por poucos estudos e apresentaram resultados inconsistentes. Essas descobertas sugerem que trabalhos futuros devem utilizar instrumentos bem estabelecidos na literatura para avaliar o EDM, assim como visar à adaptação transcultural de instrumentos que avaliem o EDM, uma vez que nenhum dos instrumentos apresentados nesta revisão é validado para a população brasileira.


Con el objetivo de investigar qué instrumentos son más utilizados en la medición del estigma de la enfermedad mental (EEM) percibido y experimentado en adultos, así como las variables que pueden moderar o interferir en los resultados de la evaluación, 101 artículos fueron sistemáticamente extraídos en las bases de datos electrónicas (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science y PsycINFO). Los resultados revelaron que existen cinco instrumentos comúnmente utilizados para medir el EEM. Al considerar los efectos asociativos más comprobados y reportados sobre el estigma, la edad y la severidad de los síntomas fueron identificadas como variables potencialmente intervinientes. Otras variables, como el sexo, diagnóstico y condición de tratamiento (internación/ambulatorio) fueron evaluadas en pocos estudios y presentaron resultados inconsistentes. Estos hallazgos sugieren que trabajos futuros deben utilizar instrumentos consolidados en la literatura para evaluar el EEM, así como para la adaptación transcultural de instrumentos que evalúen el EEM, ya que ninguno de los instrumentos presentados en esta revisión ha sido validado para la población brasileña.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mental Health , Social Stigma , Social Discrimination , Mental Disorders , Signs and Symptoms , Review , Mediation Analysis
13.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [11], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147055

ABSTRACT

Intoxications represent a serious public health problem. According to the World Health Organization, 193,000 deaths per year are caused by unintended intoxications worldwide. This study aims to know the profile of intoxications at the 24-hour Emergency Service Unit in Divinópolis, in the state of Minas Gerais. This is a descriptive study in which the study population chosen were all patients treated for intoxications in the period from 2017 to 2018, registered in the health service; 421 cases of intoxications were recorded. The female gender was the most prevalent, and the age group with the most cases was 21 to 30 years. The main circumstance found was attempted suicide (83.1%), and the main causative agent was drugs (76.5%), with benzodiazepines being the main class responsible for intoxications. The most used treatment was gastric lavage and activated charcoal. This study demonstrates that knowledge about the city's intoxication profile is important for the development of treatment and patient management methods to better suit the demands of the municipality.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
14.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [13], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147060

ABSTRACT

Coffee is a mixture of substances with potential beneficial and adverse health effects. Several studies demonstrate the antioxidant effect of the phenolics compounds present in coffee. Neutrophils produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2), which plays a key role in organism defenseagainst microbial pathogens. Diabetes mellitus patients are more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The present study evaluated the influence of coffee beverage on NOX2 activity and ROS generation and the impact of this effect on phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicansby neutrophils from diabetic and non-diabetic animals. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Wistar rats using 2% alloxan. Diabetic and non-diabetic animals were divided into groups treated and untreated with coffee drink (7.2 mL/kg/day) or apocyanine (16 mg/kg/day) for 50 days. After 50 days, the animals' glycemic profile was measured by blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tests. The generation of ROS in neutrophilic cells was measured by chemiluminescence and cytochrome C reduction assays. C. albicans phagocytosis and death were evaluated by optical microscopy using the May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining method. The coffee drink has not altered the glycemic profile and NOX2 activity of the animals. However, coffee reduced the ROS pool in non-diabetic and diabetic animals, but this activity did not harm the phagocytosis or killing of neutrophils. Treatment with apocyanin decreased ROS production and killing capacity of neutrophils from non-diabetic animals against C. albicans. We suggest that the coffee drink intake prevents oxidative damage and does not impair response of the organism against opportunistic microorganism.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
15.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [13], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147064

ABSTRACT

The present study analyzed the in vivo effects of drinking caffeinated and decaffeinated instant coffee (8% w/v) by adult male Wistar rats submitted to high-intensity exercises. The parameters used in the evaluation were the determination of the activities of NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase and other antioxidant enzymes present in neutrophils of rats. It was observed that exercise-induced superoxide anion production depends on the NADPH oxidase activity (estimated by the cytochrome C reduction test) in peritoneal neutrophils (p < 0.05). The intake of caffeinated and decaffeinated instant coffee beverages and of a caffeine solution to 1.67% did not induced changes in the activities of the enzymes myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05). But consumption of caffeinated instant coffee drink prevented an increase in NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production induced by highly intense exercise in rat neutrophils. While the decaffeinated instant coffee drink or caffeine solution alone did not affect NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production. We suggest that this activity is associated with the chemical composition and concentration of phenolic compounds and other antioxidant substances formed during roasting. From the obtained results, it was concluded that moderate intake of caffeinated instant coffee (equivalent to a daily human consumption of 4 50-mLcups of coffee) may have beneficial effects on health, contributing to a reduction in superoxide anion generation. Therefore, more research must be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of caffeinated coffee on NADPH oxidase in neutrophils.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
16.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [8], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147065

ABSTRACT

Clinical pharmacists in intensive care units are involved in patient safety, technical guidance and cost saving with rational use of medicines. This study aimed to estimate the cost saving of clinical pharmacist interventions in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). This was a retrospective, observational study. Savings were measured for three months based on (1) Clinical pharmacist interventions from prescription analysis, (2) Individualized doses of four antibiotics, (3) Comparison of drugs dispensing systems before and after the decentralization of pharmacy services. The main outcome is costs saving with strategic planning of medication use based on local reality. A number of 73 clinical pharmacist interventions were made, from which 13 allowed the calculation of economic impact, saving US$ 633.38/year. Cost saving from individualized doses of four antibiotics was US$ 8,754.46/year. The decentralization of pharmacy services saved US$ 28,770.52/year. The evaluated interventions were successful. Clinical pharmacist interventions, individualized antimicrobials doses and decentralization of pharmacy services reduce costs in the hospital.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
17.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [10], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147068

ABSTRACT

The stability of pharmaceuticals is influenced by several factors, directly related to the product, or to environmental factors, such as the presence of light and oxygen. Ketoconazole is an antifungal drug of the azole class that is prone to degradation processes, such as oxidation and hydrolysis, changing from white to pink, suggesting the formation of degradation products. Capuchin (Tropaeolum majus L.) is a species of pharmacological interest due to its phytochemical composition; it is rich in vitamin C and flavonoids with known antioxidant activity. The objective of this work was to investigate the antioxidant activity of capuchin hydroethanolic extracts and evaluate their influence on the stability of ketoconazole. For the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the DPPH radical was used. Different ketoconazole gel formulations were manipulated and subjected to a stability study to compare the antioxidant efficiency of the extract and sodium metabisulphite by analyzing the samples by ultraviolet scanning. Microbiological assays were performed to evaluate the activity of ketoconazole against the fungus Candida albicans. The extract solution presented antioxidant activity equivalent to a 12.71 µg/mL metabisulfite solution, and a 0.085 µg metabisulfite/µg extract ratio was calculated. In the spectrophotometric analysis, it was observed that the absorption spectrum of the extract-containing formulation presented differently from the others, with a possible advantage in relation to the synthetic antioxidant. In the microbiological analysis, only the samples that remained at room temperature formed an inhibition halo. Thus, the potential of a natural active was evaluated, representing a possible alternative for application in pharmaceutical formulations.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
18.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [12], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147072

ABSTRACT

Anxiety in the world population has increased significantly; the problem has encouraged studies regarding innovative alternatives for treatment. Research with Citrus aurantium L. essential oil (CEO) has revealed positive results with anxiolytic effects in both animals and humans. However, certain limitations affect its storage and preservation, its efficiency in therapy, and determination of adequate posologies. The potential use of cyclodextrins as drug carriers has been successfully explored. This study aims to assess the anxiolytic potential of a CEO/2-hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin (HP-ß-CD) inclusion complex. Preparation of the inclusion complex was performed using the Alpha 1-2 LDplus lyophilizer. To allow formation, and avoid loss of volatiles to the atmosphere, Limonene (LIM), the main compound in CEO, together with HP-ß-CD in a molar ratio of (1: 1M) was dispersed in ethanol for 36 hours using a laboratory shaker at room temperature (25°C). Non-clinical murine pharmacological tests were performed for anxiety assessment in experimental and control groups. To assess anxiety and motor impairment, the animals were evaluated using the elevated plus maze, open field, and rota-rod tests. Satisfactory results of the anxiolytic effect of the OEC complexed in HP-ß-CD were observed, with the indication of an potentiation of the effect with doses lower than 500 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg complexed, suggesting improvement in the anxiolytic properties of the OEC.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
19.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 41: [10], 01/01/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1147075

ABSTRACT

Herbal medicines have been studied as potential antimicrobial agents, emerging as treatments against oral diseases. The current study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the crude extract and fractions of Mikania laevigata SchultzBip. ex Baker (ML) and Varronia curassavicaJacq (VC) against oral pathogens associated with persistent dental root infections, under planktonic and biofilm conditions. Minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations were determined for the ML and VC fractions/extracts against Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces israelii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans using the microdilution method. The best results were chosen for subsequent biofilm assays. All tested ML and VC extracts/fractions demonstrated inhibitory activity against E. faecalis and A. israelii. The ML ethyl acetate fraction affected the growth of all microorganisms tested. C. albicans and P. aeruginosawere not affected by any VC extract/fractions. The ML ethyl acetate fraction eliminated E. faecalis, A.israelii, and P. aeruginosa biofilms after 24h. A similar result was observed for ML crude hydroethanolic extract and its hexane fraction for A. israelii. The VC hexane fraction was able to eliminate A. israelli biofilms. None of the tested extracts or fractions eliminated C. albicans biofilm. The Mikania laevigata ethyl acetate fraction is an efficient antimicrobial agent against oral pathogens and could be indicated for the treatment of persistent dental infections.


Subject(s)
Mediation Analysis
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